Integration of GoogleTest in UE4 as a Shared Library

How to integrate GoogleTest as a Shared Library in UE4

Published in:

Stefano Strati

30·03·2022

It often happens that when writing unit tests the SUT (System Under Test) cannot be tested in isolation because it is dependent on other components. In such cases there are generally three possibilities:

If the DOCs (Depended On Component) are not contained in the same module of the SUT you can opt for writing an integration test (or at least a higher level test than a unit test with respect to the Test Pyramid).
If the DOCs are contained in the same module of the SUT you can opt for writing a sociable unit test.
If the DOCs are contained in the same module of the SUT you can opt for writing an isolated unit test as long as the possibility of creating Test Doubles exists.

Test Doubles is a generic term used to refer to all those objects that are used to replace production components in the testing phase: you can learn more about this topic by reading the article written by Martin Fowler. Although Test Doubles are also useful for writing sociable and integration unit tests, it is in writing isolated unit tests that they are most used since in the latter you try to test the smallest portion of code that can be logically isolated from the rest of the system. There are 5 types of Test Doubles: Fakes, Spies, Dummies, Stubs, and Mocks. In this article, we will focus on how to make it possible to create Dummies, Stubs, and Mocks. Although it is not necessary to use an external library to create this type of entity, there are several COTS (Commercial Off the Shelf) libraries available to take advantage of, and we have chosen the GoogleTest library because it was the one with the most support and documentation as well as an excellent amount of features useful to us.

Using GoogleMock and the Automation System of UE4

Although GoogleTest also offers an xUnit test framework, it was decided to rely on the Automation System provided by UE4 and to use only GoogleMock. As explained in the article by Von Ihno Lübbers by using an external test framework it is possible to test only those modules that depend only on the UE4 core modules. Although a possibility is to make the business logic independent from the graphical engine of reference in a similar way to what is explained in the article by Eric Lemes this solution was precluded because of the size of our codebase: such an operation would have been too expensive in terms of costs and time.

Compilation and integration of GoogleTest as a Shared Library for UE4

In the UE4 documentation it is described how, once in possession of the binary files, to integrate third-party libraries, be they static or dynamic. In the next sections, we will explain why it was decided to compile GoogleTest as a dynamic library and illustrate the steps necessary to create it.

Comparison of static and dynamic libraries

One of the disadvantages of static libraries is that each module would maintain its copy of the library, not only increasing the overall size of the executable but also making it necessary for each module to initialize its copy (as we will see later, this is a mandatory step). However, we must point out that static libraries remain a valid choice because they can be more performing and not vulnerable to the DLL Boundaries problem that forced us to make changes to the library itself.

On Windows, there is a problem with DLL Boundaries. This problem occurs when an object that is allocated in one DLL is passed by pointer to a second DLL that deallocates it. This can lead to memory errors if multiple copies of the CRT libraries are used. This implies that the new and delete operators used (as opposed to what happens in Linux dynamic libraries) are local to the DLL and in UE4 this is problematic: as you can read in the file ModuleBoilerplate.h each module redefines the new and delete operators in such a way that the functions FMemory::Malloc and FMemory::Free are respectively used. Since in the macros EXPECT_CALL and ON_CALL provided by GoogleMock, objects are built using the allocator of our module and destroyed using the library's deallocator (which is the default one provided by the language), errors inevitably arise in memory management. To solve this, it was necessary to modify the library in such a way that it was possible to redefine the operators new and delete and to use the functions FMemory::Malloc and FMemory::Free. There are 4 changes to be made to the library:

Adding the following include directive in the file googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h:
```
#include "gtest/gtest-memory.h"
```
Adding the following include directive in the file googletest/src/gtest-all.cc:
```
#include "src/gtest-memory.cc"
```

Adding the file gtest-memory.h to the path googletest/include/gtest:

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MEMORY_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MEMORY_H_

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

#include <functional>
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"

namespace testing {

typedef std::function<void*(size_t)> NewOperatorFunction;

typedef std::function<void(void*)> DeleteOperatorFunction;

// Sets the function to be used in case of allocation
// It's the caller's responsibility to ensure that the function in question does not raise any exceptions
GTEST_API_ void SetNewOperatorFunction(NewOperatorFunction function);

// Resets the function to be used in case of allocation
GTEST_API_ void ResetNewOperatorFunction();

// Set the function to be used in case of deallocation
// It's the caller's responsibility to ensure that the function in question does not raise any exceptions
GTEST_API_ void SetDeleteOperatorFunction(DeleteOperatorFunction function);

// Resets the function to be used in case of deallocation
GTEST_API_ void ResetDeleteOperatorFunction();

}

#endif // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

#endif // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MEMORY_H_

Adding the file gtest-memory.cc to the path googletest/src:

#include "gtest/gtest-memory.h"

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

namespace testing {

NewOperatorFunction newOperatorFunction;

DeleteOperatorFunction deleteOperatorFunction;

GTEST_API_ void SetNewOperatorFunction(NewOperatorFunction function) {
    newOperatorFunction = function;
}

GTEST_API_ void ResetNewOperatorFunction() {
    newOperatorFunction = nullptr;
}

GTEST_API_ void SetDeleteOperatorFunction(DeleteOperatorFunction function) {
    deleteOperatorFunction = function;
}

GTEST_API_ void ResetDeleteOperatorFunction() {
    deleteOperatorFunction = nullptr;
}

}

void* newOperatorTemplateFunction(size_t size) {
    size = size ? size : 1;

    if (testing::newOperatorFunction) {
        return testing::newOperatorFunction(size);
    }

    void* ptr;

    while ((ptr = std::malloc(size)) == 0) {
        std::new_handler newHandler = std::get_new_handler();

        if (newHandler) {
            newHandler();
        } else {
            throw std::bad_alloc();
        }
    }

    return ptr;
}

void* newOperatorTemplateFunctionNoThrow(size_t size) {
    void* ptr = nullptr;

    try {
        ptr = operator new(size);
    } catch (...) { }

    return ptr;
}

void deleteOperatorTemplateFunction(void* ptr) {
    if (testing::deleteOperatorFunction) {
        testing::deleteOperatorFunction(ptr);
    } else {
        free(ptr);
    }  
}

void* operator new(size_t size) { return newOperatorTemplateFunction(size); }

void* operator new[](size_t size) { return newOperatorTemplateFunction(size); }

void* operator new(size_t size, const std::nothrow_t&) throw() { return newOperatorTemplateFunctionNoThrow(size); }

void* operator new[](size_t size, const std::nothrow_t&) throw() { return newOperatorTemplateFunctionNoThrow(size); }

void operator delete(void* ptr) { deleteOperatorTemplateFunction(ptr); }

void operator delete[](void* ptr) { deleteOperatorTemplateFunction(ptr); }

void operator delete(void* ptr, const std::nothrow_t&) throw() { deleteOperatorTemplateFunction(ptr); }

void operator delete[](void* ptr, const std::nothrow_t&) throw() { deleteOperatorTemplateFunction(ptr); }

void operator delete(void* ptr, size_t) { deleteOperatorTemplateFunction(ptr); }

void operator delete[](void* ptr, size_t) { deleteOperatorTemplateFunction(ptr); }

void operator delete(void* ptr, size_t, const std::nothrow_t&) throw() { deleteOperatorTemplateFunction(ptr); }

void operator delete[](void* ptr, size_t, const std::nothrow_t&) throw() { deleteOperatorTemplateFunction(ptr); }

#endif // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

At this link you can download the git patch of the changes listed above.

Compilation of GoogleTest as a Shared Library for UE4

Here are the steps to compile GoogleTest as a dynamic library for UE4 for Windows and Linux systems. To do this we will rely on CMake, as indicated in the guidelines provided by the library itself.

Linux

Download the source of GoogleTest (the version we use is the 1.11.0)
Modify the library as indicated in the paragraph concerning DLL Boundaries or by using this git patch.

Place the downloaded source in a folder together with the following file CMakeList.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.13)

if (UNIX)
    # Settings
    set(LLVM_DIR "")
    set(UE4_DIR "")

    set(LLVM_BIN_DIR "${LLVM_DIR}/build/bin")
    set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER "${LLVM_BIN_DIR}/clang")
    set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER "${LLVM_BIN_DIR}/clang++")
endif (UNIX)

set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD 11)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 14)
      
set(CMAKE_POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE TRUE)

project("GoogleTestSolution")

if (UNIX)
    set(UE4_LIBCXX_DIR "${UE4_DIR}/Engine/Source/ThirdParty/Linux/LibCxx")
    set(UE4_LIBCXX_INCLUDE_DIR "${UE4_LIBCXX_DIR}/include")
    set(UE4_LIBCXX_LIB_DIR "${UE4_LIBCXX_DIR}/lib/Linux/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu")
    add_compile_options(-nostdinc++ -I${UE4_LIBCXX_INCLUDE_DIR}/ -I${UE4_LIBCXX_INCLUDE_DIR}/c++/v1)
    add_link_options(-nodefaultlibs -L${UE4_LIBCXX_LIB_DIR}/ ${UE4_LIBCXX_LIB_DIR}/libc++.a ${UE4_LIBCXX_LIB_DIR}/libc++abi.a -lm -lc -lpthread -lgcc_s -lgcc)
endif (UNIX)

set(BUILD_GMOCK TRUE CACHE BOOL "BUILD_GMOCK" FORCE)
set(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS TRUE CACHE BOOL "BUILD_SHARED_LIBS" FORCE)
set(INSTALL_GTEST FALSE CACHE BOOL "INSTALL_GTEST" FORCE)

set(gmock_build_tests FALSE CACHE BOOL "gmock_build_tests" FORCE)
set(gtest_build_samples FALSE CACHE BOOL "gtest_build_samples" FORCE)
set(gtest_build_tests FALSE CACHE BOOL "gtest_build_tests" FORCE)
set(gtest_disable_pthreads FALSE CACHE BOOL "gtest_disable_pthreads" FORCE)
set(gtest_force_shared_crt TRUE CACHE BOOL "gtest_force_shared_crt" FORCE)
set(gtest_hide_internal_symbols TRUE CACHE BOOL "gtest_hide_internal_symbols" FORCE)

add_subdirectory("${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src")

Rename the folder containing the downloaded GoogleTest source code to src
Since UE4 4.27 uses Clang 11.0.1 it is necessary to specify in the variable LLVM_DIR in the file CMakeList.txt defined above the path to the compiler
1. You can download the LLVM source code at this link
2. To compile the downloaded source code run the following commands:
  1. cd llvm-project/
  2. mkdir build
  3. cd build/
  4. cmake ../llvm -G "Unix Makefiles" -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=~/llvm-project/build -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=on -DLLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS=clang
  5. make -j$(nproc)
Since UE4 uses its specific version of libc++ you need to specify in the UE4_DIR variable in the CMakeList.txt file defined above the path to the source code of your local version of UE4
As a last step, go to the folder containing the src folder and the file CMakeList.txt we created and run the following commands:
1. mkdir linux
2. cd linux/
3. cmake ..
4. make

Windows

Steps 1, 2, 3, and 4 are the same as for creating binaries on Linux
Open CMake GUI (the version used in this article is 3.22.1) and specify:
- In the field Where is the source code: the path to the folder containing the src folder and the file CMakeList.txt we created
- In the field Where to build the binaries: a path of your choice where CMake will create the solution from which to generate the binaries
Press the Configure button specifying Visual Studio 2019 as the project generator
Press the Generate button
Open the generated solution at the path specified in step 2 using Visual Studio 2019
To generate the DLLs using the Release configuration select the Release configuration and do the build of the gmock project
To generate the DLLs using the Debug configuration select the Debug configuration and:
- Change the Runtime Libraries used by the gmock project from Multi-threaded Debug DLL (/MDd) to Multi-threaded DLL (/MD).
- Change Runtime Library used by project gtest from Multi-threaded Debug DLL (/MDd) to Multi-threaded DLL (/MD).
- Make the project gmock build.

Integration of GoogleTest as a Shared Library for UE4

Once you have compiled GoogleTest as a dynamic library you need to integrate it with UE4 and to do that you need to create two modules: the GoogleTestModule and the AutomationTestCore module (you can choose the names you prefer but in this article, we will use these as a reference). The GoogleTestModule is structured as follows:

GoogleTestmodule
- include
  - gmock
    - ...
  - gtest
    - ...
- lib
  - linux
    - x64
      - Release
        
        libgmock.so
        
        libgmock.so.1.11.0
        
        libgtest.so
        
        libgtest.so.1.11.0
  - win
    - x64
      - Debug
        
        gmockd.dll
        
        gmockd.lib
        
        gmockd.pdb
      - Release
        
        gmock.dll
        
        gmock.lib
- GoogleTestModule.Build.cs

At the path GoogleTestmodule/include/gmock copy the files of the GoogleTest library that you downloaded at point 1 of the previous paragraph from the path src/googlemock/include/gmock. At the path GoogleTestmodule/include/gtest copy the files of the GoogleTest library that you downloaded at point 1 of the previous paragraph from the path src/googletest/include/gtest (make sure you have first made the changes specified in step 2 of the previous paragraph). At the path GoogleTestmodule/lib/linux/x64/Release copy the binaries generated for Linux. At the path GoogleTestmodule/lib/win/x64/Debug copy the binaries generated for Windows with the Debug configuration. At the path GoogleTestmodule/lib/win/x64/Release copy the binaries generated for Windows with the Release configuration.

This is the content of the file GoogleTestModule.Build.cs:

using System.IO;
using UnrealBuildTool;

public class GoogleTestModule : ModuleRules {
    public GoogleTestModule(ReadOnlyTargetRules Target) : base(Target) {
        Type = ModuleType.External;

        PCHUsage = PCHUsageMode.UseExplicitOrSharedPCHs;

        PublicIncludePaths.Add(Path.Combine(ModuleDirectory, "include"));

        if (Target.Platform == UnrealTargetPlatform.Win64) {
            HandleWin64Platform();
        } else if (Target.Platform == UnrealTargetPlatform.Linux) {
            HandleLinuxPlatform();
        } else if (Target.Platform == UnrealTargetPlatform.Mac) {
            HandleMacPlatform();
        } else {
            HandleUnsupportedPlatform();
        }

        AddCrossPlatformPublicDefinitions();
    }

    private void HandleWin64Platform() {
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS_=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_WINDOWS=1");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_LINUX=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE=0");

        if (Target.Configuration == UnrealTargetConfiguration.Debug || Target.Configuration == UnrealTargetConfiguration.DebugGame) {
            string GoogleTestLibsPath = Path.Combine(ModuleDirectory, "lib", "win", "x64", "Debug");
            PublicAdditionalLibraries.Add(Path.Combine(GoogleTestLibsPath, "gmockd.lib"));
            RuntimeDependencies.Add("$(BinaryOutputDir)/gmockd.dll", Path.Combine(GoogleTestLibsPath, "gmockd.dll"));
            RuntimeDependencies.Add("$(BinaryOutputDir)/gmockd.pdb", Path.Combine(GoogleTestLibsPath, "gmockd.pdb"));
        } else {
            string GoogleTestLibsPath = Path.Combine(ModuleDirectory, "lib", "win", "x64", "Release");
            PublicAdditionalLibraries.Add(Path.Combine(GoogleTestLibsPath, "gmock.lib"));
            RuntimeDependencies.Add("$(BinaryOutputDir)/gmock.dll", Path.Combine(GoogleTestLibsPath, "gmock.dll"));
        }
    }

    private void HandleLinuxPlatform() {
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_WINDOWS=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_LINUX=1");

        string GoogleTestLibsPath = Path.Combine(ModuleDirectory, "lib", "linux", "x64", "Release");
        PublicRuntimeLibraryPaths.Add(GoogleTestLibsPath);
        PublicAdditionalLibraries.Add(Path.Combine(GoogleTestLibsPath, "libgtest.so"));
        PublicAdditionalLibraries.Add(Path.Combine(GoogleTestLibsPath, "libgmock.so"));
    }

    private void HandleMacPlatform() {
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_MAC=1");

        string GoogleTestLibsPath = Path.Combine(ModuleDirectory, "lib", "mac");
        PublicRuntimeLibraryPaths.Add(GoogleTestLibsPath);
        PublicAdditionalLibraries.Add(Path.Combine(GoogleTestLibsPath, "libgtest.dylib"));
        PublicAdditionalLibraries.Add(Path.Combine(GoogleTestLibsPath, "libgmock.dylib"));
    }

    private void HandleUnsupportedPlatform() {
        string Error = "Target.Platform: " + Target.Platform + " not supported";
        System.Console.WriteLine(Error);
        throw new BuildException(Error);
    }

    private void AddCrossPlatformPublicDefinitions() {
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_CREATE_SHARED_LIBRARY=0");

        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_EQ=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_FALSE=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_GE=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_GT=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_LE=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_LT=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_NE=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_TRUE=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_EXPECT_FALSE=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_EXPECT_TRUE=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_FAIL=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_SUCCEED=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_TEST=0");

        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_FOR_GOOGLE_=0");

        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_HAS_ABSL=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_HAS_DOWNCAST_=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_HAS_MUTEX_AND_THREAD_LOCAL_=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_HAS_NOTIFICATION_=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_HAS_RTTI=0");

        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_ANY=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_OPTIONAL=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_STRING_VIEW=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_VARIANT=0");

        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_LINKED_AS_SHARED_LIBRARY=1");

        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_AIX=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_CYGWIN=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_DRAGONFLY=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_ESP32=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_ESP8266=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_FREEBSD=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_GNU_KFREEBSD=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_HAIKU=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_HPUX=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_IOS=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_NACL=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_NETBSD=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_OPENBSD=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_QNX=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_SOLARIS=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_TV_TITLE=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_XTENSA=0");
        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_OS_ZOS=0");

        PublicDefinitions.Add("GTEST_USES_PCRE=0");
    }
}

The AutomationTestCore module is structured as follows:

AutomationTestCore
- Private
  - ATCGTestFailureReporter.cpp
  - ATCGTestFailureReporter.h
  - AutomationTestCoreModule.cpp
  - AutomationTestCoreModule.h
- Public
  - ATCGoogleTest.h
- AutomationTestCore.Build.cs

This is the content of the file AutomationTestCore.Build.cs:

using System.IO;
using UnrealBuildTool;

public class AutomationTestCore : ModuleRules {
    public AutomationTestCore(ReadOnlyTargetRules Target) : base(Target) {
        PCHUsage = PCHUsageMode.UseExplicitOrSharedPCHs;
 
        PrivateIncludePaths.AddRange(
            new[] { Path.Combine(ModuleDirectory, "Private") });
 
        PublicDependencyModuleNames.AddRange(new[] {
            "Core",
            "CoreUObject",
            "Engine",
            "GoogleTestModule",
        });
    }
}

This is the content of the files ATCGTestFailureReporter.h and ATCGTestFailureReporter.cpp (for their realization has been followed the idea described in the article by Von Ihno Lübbers):

#pragma once

#include "ATCGoogleTest.h"

class FATCGTestFailureReporter final : public testing::EmptyTestEventListener {
    void OnTestPartResult(const testing::TestPartResult& result) override;
};

#include "ATCGTestFailureReporter.h"

#include "Containers/UnrealString.h"
#include "CoreGlobals.h"

void FATCGTestFailureReporter::OnTestPartResult(const testing::TestPartResult& result) {
    const auto logType = result.type();
    const auto logMessage = FString(result.message());
 
    if (logType == testing::TestPartResult::kFatalFailure || logType == testing::TestPartResult::kNonFatalFailure) {
        UE_LOG(LogTemp, Error, TEXT("%s"), *logMessage);
    } else {
        UE_LOG(LogTemp, Display, TEXT("%s"), *logMessage);
    }
}

This is the content of the files AutomationTestCoreModule.h and AutomationTestCoreModule.cpp:

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "Modules/ModuleInterface.h"

class FATCGTestFailureReporter;

class FAutomationTestCoreModule final : public IModuleInterface {
public:
    void StartupModule() override;

    void ShutdownModule() override;

private:
    FATCGTestFailureReporter* _testFailureReporter = nullptr;
};

#include "AutomationTestCoreModule.h"

#include "ATCGTestFailureReporter.h"
#include "ATCGoogleTest.h"

#include "HAL/Platform.h"
#include "Modules/ModuleManager.h"

using namespace testing;

IMPLEMENT_MODULE(FAutomationTestCoreModule, AutomationTestCore)

void FAutomationTestCoreModule::StartupModule() {
#if PLATFORM_WINDOWS
    SetNewOperatorFunction([](size_t size) { return FMemory::Malloc(size ? size : 1); });
    SetDeleteOperatorFunction([](void* ptr) { FMemory::Free(ptr); });
#endif

    _testFailureReporter = new FATCGTestFailureReporter();
    TestEventListeners& googleTestListeners = UnitTest::GetInstance()->listeners();
    googleTestListeners.Release(googleTestListeners.default_result_printer());
    googleTestListeners.Append(_testFailureReporter);
}

void FAutomationTestCoreModule::ShutdownModule() {
    UnitTest::GetInstance()->listeners().Release(_testFailureReporter);
    delete _testFailureReporter;

#if PLATFORM_WINDOWS
    ResetNewOperatorFunction();
    ResetDeleteOperatorFunction();
#endif
}

This is the content of the file ATCGoogleTest.h:

#pragma once

#include "HAL/Platform.h"

#if PLATFORM_WINDOWS
#include "Windows/AllowWindowsPlatformTypes.h"
#include "Windows/WindowsHWrapper.h"
#endif

THIRD_PARTY_INCLUDES_START
#include "gmock/gmock.h"
#include "gtest/gtest.h"
THIRD_PARTY_INCLUDES_END

#if PLATFORM_WINDOWS
#include "Windows/HideWindowsPlatformTypes.h"
#endif

This is the file you have to include every time you want to use the functionality of the GoogleTest library.

Shipping builds

One unresolved problem is that unit tests, having to test parts of code not exposed to other modules, must be contained in the very module they are testing. Currently, there is no automated mechanism to remove such files from shipping builds other types of tests (such as integration tests) can simply be placed in a separate module of type Editor (which can be defined in the UE4 project's uproject file). A clean solution would be to modify the UE4 toolchain to exclude certain paths (which will be those containing the mock and test classes) from the shipping builds.

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